Companion to the latest edition of the British pharmacopoeia : comparing the strength of the various preparations with those of the United States and other foreign pharmacopoeias to which are added not official preparations and practical hints on prescribing / by Peter Squire.

  • Squire, Peter.
Date:
1894
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Companion to the latest edition of the British pharmacopoeia : comparing the strength of the various preparations with those of the United States and other foreign pharmacopoeias to which are added not official preparations and practical hints on prescribing / by Peter Squire. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    61/744 (page 17)
    Melting Point and Boiling Point are influenced by presence of Water or Cresylic Acid, so that to eliminate the first, it should be boiled for a few seconds and cooled. Starting with an Acid melting at 104 F., one per cent, of added Water reduced the Melting Point to 98° F., 3 per cent, to 86° F., and 5 per cent, to 74° F. Lunge has shown that the addition of 1*3 p. e. of Cresylic Acid to pure Phenol reduces the Melting Point from 40-5° C. to 32-5° C.—P.J. xxii. 593, The lower the Melting Point and the higher the Boiling Point, the more impure is the Acid. The pure Acid melts at 42° C. and boils at 182° C. Solubility.—1 in 13 (or a little less) of Water; 1 in 2 of Olive Oil; 3^ in 1 of Grlycerine; 3 in 1 of Chloroform ; 4 in 1 of Ether; 6 in 1 of Eectified Spirit; 2i in 1 of Benzol; 2^ in 1 of Bisulphide of Carbon; freely in Liquor Potassae and Liquor Sodge; freely in Volatile Oils. Tests.—It coagulates Albumen; it does not redden Litmus, and does not affect a ray of polarised light; neutral solution of Perchloride of Iron strikes a deep purple colour, and Bromine Water gives a white precipitate with a cold saturated aqueous solution of Carbolic Acid. Solution of Ammonia and of Chlorinated Soda produce a deep purple colouration, esj)ecially after a time. The principal tests for the quality of Carbolic Acid are the odour, which is characteristic, the melting point, boiling point, and the solubihty in water. Medicinal Properties.—Antiseptic, disinfectant, and local anaes- thetic. Used in the utensils in sick rooms, also to wet a sheet hung outside the door of an infected chamber. Griven as a sedative to check sickness and flatulence, to arrest diarrhoea, to remove intestinal worms; useful in some stages of phthisis; for psoriasis, 3 grs. in water three times a day are taken, the itching being greatly relieved. It has been used with advantage in hooping cough, internally as well as by inhala- tion, also as a disinfectant, sprinkled about the room. Placed in a carious tooth or cautiously applied to the gum, relieves tooth-ache. Used as a paint for the throat (1 to 4 of Glycerine); as a gargle (2 grs. to 1 oz.) for sore throat attended with foetor of breatb; if used with a spray apparatus, 3 grains in an ounce of Water; or for inhalations, 20 grs. dissolved in a pint of hot Water; as an injection (1 gr. to 1 oz. of Water) for the vagina or the bladder, to correct putrescence. Externally, used alone is a powerful caustic; as a lotion (15 to 30 grs. to 1 oz.) for foul or syphilitic ulcers, carbuncles, scabies, and lepra; (5 grs. to 1 oz.) excellent for eczema and eruptions attended with itching; or an ointment (30 to 60 grs. to 1 oz. of Benzoated Lard). Por a month-wash, see Phenate de Sonde, pp. 19 and 20. Carbolised Oil, 1 or 2 in 40 of Olive Oil; used for dressing scalds and burns, to relieve the pain. Carbolised Solution, 1 or 2 in 40 of Water; used in surgery as an antiseptic. 2 per cent, solutions have been used for hypodermic injection. As solutions of Carbolic Acid in strong Alcohol or concentrated Griyceiine are uot caustic, but become so when diluted with Water, it is suggested that in cases of burning with concentrated Carbolic Acid it would be better to remove the Acid with strong Alcohol rather than with Water.—F.J. xix. 783. K