A history of chemical theory from the age of Lavoisier to the present time / by AD. Wurtz, translated and edited by Henry Watts.

  • Wurtz, Ad. (Adolphe), 1817-1884.
Date:
1869
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A history of chemical theory from the age of Lavoisier to the present time / by AD. Wurtz, translated and edited by Henry Watts. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    99/288 (page 87)
    mentary Lotlies most frequently substitnted for tlie hydrogen of radicals are chlorine, bromine, iodine, oxygen, nitrogen. But compound bodies, acting as radicals, may in like manner be substituted for hydro- gen, and enter into the nucléus. Tlius, liyponitric acid, which is anhydrous nitric acid minus an atom of oxygen ; amidogen, wliicli is ammonia minus an atom of hydrogen ; imidogen, which is ammonia minus two atoms of hydrogen ; arsidogen, which is arsenetted h} drogen minus an atom of hydrogen ; and cyanogen itself : ail these radicals indeed can replace the hydro- gen of nuclei, atom for atom. It follows that to each nucléus or fondamental radical there correspond a certain number of derived nuclei or radicals. In ail of them the number and arrangement of the atoms îemain the same, reckoning, however, as single atoms the compound groups which play the part of simple bodies. Other éléments, such as hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, oxygen, sulphur, may group themselves around each nucléus, to form various compounds belonging to the same family. Thus, the family of ethylene, or olefiant gas, comprises, independently of this body, which is the fundamental radical, the chloride and bronnde of ethylene, formed by addition of two équiva- lents of chlorine and bromine; an oxide, namely, aldéhyde, which is formed by addition of two équiva- lents of oxygen ; and a monobasic acid, acetic acid,