Specification of John Stephens : treating excreta, &c.

  • Stephens, John.
Date:
1874
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Specification of John Stephens : treating excreta, &c. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    10/16 (page 8)
    Stephens' Improvements in Treating Excreta, 8fc. tilting the cylinder is accomplished by allowing plenty of slack hose at the end of the pipe of the filter. The fluid sewage can then flow through the hose to turn the Barker’s mill, as before described. The fluid can be first filtered into a tank about 15 feet below the cylinder, and from thence it can flow down through the hose 15 feet more 5 to turn the Barker’s mill and fan, as before described; by this plan, if the intermediate tank is large enough the Barker’s mill can work all night by itself, giving out and absorbing ammonia in the charcoal trays ; this plan will save a great deal of labour. The manurial products of fluid sewage and the solid can be mixed together, or with any other 10 manurial matter in sacks, as described. The carbonic acid evolved from the grinding of the charcoal red hot or peat can be forced into the solid foecal matter by a fan, which will greatly enhance its value. As all the filtration is done in closed vessels no waste of ammonia occurs; also as the fluid sewage after being dashed into fine spray and 15 evolving ammonia the fluid then flows back again into the mixing tank to be remixed with a lot of fresh foecal matter, so little or no ammonia is lost by this filtering process. Figures 5 and 6 show an apparatus for producing heat by the rapid friction of a wooden or a metal jacket of boards (joined together by 20 springs) on the outside of an iron cylinder which will hold peat or manure to be dried. The cylinder A1, A1, is a long iron cylinder placed horizontally, in which can be placed trucks or trays, as in Figure 11, containing manure or peat to be dried. J1, J1, J1, are boards joined together by spiral springs s, s} s, which form a jacket around 25 K the cylinder A1, A1, the springs causing a certain amount of pressure on the cylinder A1, A1. This jacket is attached by two iron rods to a crank c which is turned by any water wheel which causes a rapid motion of the wooden board jackets J1, J1, J1, on the cylinder A1, A1, thereby producing a certain amount of heat by the friction of the wooden 30 jacket on the iron cylinder A1, A1, where water power can be cheaply obtained; this will be a cheap method of obtaining heat. The cylinder and wooden jacket for obtaining heat can also be made with the jacket to revolve around the cylinder, as in Figures 7 and 8, by attaching a cog wheel at the ends of the jacket instead of having the 35 jacket to slide backwards and forwards on the cylinder from the action of the attached crank turned by a water wheel.